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Nanowires are anisotropic nanoscale objects whose length significantly exceeds their diameter. Nanowires, both in the form of single nanostructures and in the form of ordered arrays, have a wide range of applications: from transparent electrodes and biosensors to lasers and metamaterials. Superconducting segmented nanowires with normal inserts, due to the Josephson effect, can be used in quantum microelectronics, for example, to create ultra-sensitive SQUID magnetometers.
To be able to obtain superconducting segmented nanowires in a controlled manner, the task arises of studying the processes of forming inserts of one material on the surface of another under geometric constraints. To date, the most effective method for obtaining nanowires is the electrochemical deposition of various metals into porous films of anodic aluminum oxide. In this regard, the purpose of this work was to study the features of the formation of thin In and Au layers on various substrates during template electrodeposition.
In this work, the potential ranges corresponding to the electrodeposition of indium under diffusion, mixed and kinetic control conditions were determined using the cyclic voltammetry method. In the kinetic region, the following were determined: the exchange current i_0 = 5.9 mA cm-2 and the effective rate constant of the heterogeneous reaction of electrochemical reduction of In3+ on a smooth In electrode k_s,eff = 8.5 10-5 m/s. The dependence of the filling of the template pores with indium on the overvoltage value in a wide potential range was also established.
In the course of the work, a series of chronoamperograms of In and Au deposition were obtained. Indium was generated on the gold surface at different overvoltages. Gold nucleation always occurred at the same potential of -1.0 V on the gold surface. As a result, the following were determined: characteristic nucleation times of the In and Au phase using the Dawson function, as well as the type of indium nucleation at different potentials.
The structure of indium nanowires was certified using the X-ray diffraction method. It was found that the nanowires are textured. The Harris indices for the (112) and (200) reflections are 2.17 and 6.83, respectively.
