Speaker
Description
Lithium-rich layered oxide (LRLO) cathodes (Li1.2Mn0.8O2) offer high theoretical
capacities during their utilization as cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries but
suffer from voltage fading, structural degradation, and phase instability during
cycling, due to the migration of transitional metal and irreversible oxygen loss. In this
study, we explore the role of titanium doping in improving the structural (phase
retention) and morphological characteristics of Li1.2Mn0.8-xTiₓO₂ (x = 0.02–0.10)
synthesized via a co-precipitation route. The X-ray diffraction patterns revealed that
6% Ti doping led to the highest retention of the layered Li2MnO3 phase while
suppressing the formation of spinel-type LiMn2O4. A shift in the (131) diffraction peak
toward lower angles confirmed lattice expansion due to Ti4+ incorporation. Scanning
electron microscopy showed reduced agglomeration and spherical particle formation
at intermediate Ti levels. BET analysis further revealed an increase in surface area
and pore volume up to 8% Ti, with densification beyond this point. Complementary
molecular dynamics simulations validated experimental observations, demonstrating
Ti-induced stabilization during amorphization and recrystallization. These results
highlight the dual role of Ti as a structural stabilizer and morphological modifier, with
6–8% doping identified as optimal for enhancing cathode performance in lithium-ion
battery applications
