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The collision of two heavy nuclei takes a special place in nuclear reactions studies due to the collective rearrangement of a large number of nucleons in a very short span of time, typically of the order 10$^{−20}$ seconds. During this collision, a significant number of nucleons are transferred between the projectile and target nuclei due to the influence of different reaction mechanisms [1]. In reactions with heavy ions at energies close to the Coulomb barrier $–$ complete fusion, quasifission (QF), and deep-inelastic collision are competing processes. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the reaction dynamics of these processes is one of the key ingredients for the synthesis of Super Heavy Elements (SHE) [2, 3].
The experiments were performed at the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions (FLNR), JINR, Russia, using energetic beams of $^{16}$O and $^{48}$Ca delivered from the $U400$ cyclotron. The thin targets of $^{208}$Pb and $^{176}$Yb were bombarded with the $^{16}$O and $^{48}$Ca beams, respectively at different energies above the Coulomb barrier to produce the same fissioning nucleus, $^{224}$Th. The measurements of the reaction binary products were carried out by utilizing the double-arm time-of-flight (TOF) spectrometer $CORSET$ [4]. Assuming the conservation of mass of the composite system of projectile and target, the double-velocity method was employed to determine the mass and energy of the reaction products. The Mass-Total Kinetic Energy (M-TKE) distributions of the primary binary fragments from $^{224}$Th have been measured. Different aspects of the fission and quasifission reaction dynamics have been studied through detailed multimodal analysis [3] on the experimental mass and energy distributions of the fission fragments.
References:
1. R. Vandenbosch, J.R. Huizenga, Nuclear Fission, Academic, New York (1973).
2. G. N. Knyazheva $\textit{et al.}$, Phys. Rev. C ${\bf 75}$, 064602 (2007).
3. E. M. Kozulin $\textit{et al.}$, Phys. Rev. C ${\bf 105}$, 024617 (2022) and references therein.
4. E. M. Kozulin $\textit{et al.}$, Instrum. Exp. Tech. ${\bf 51}$, 44 (2008).
