To date, the European free electron laser is actively used to determine the structure of many materials [1,2]. The advantage of such a laser over other research methods is the ability to generate short beams that make it possible to study the structure without radiation exposure[3]. At the same time, the exposure time of such a pulse is commensurate with the characteristic atomic time, which...
Huntington's chorea is a neurodegenerative autosomal dominant disease characterized by impairment of motor and cognitive functions. The disease is caused by the expansion of CAG trinucleotide repeats in the huntingtin protein gene (HTT), leading to elongation of the polyglutamine N-terminal domain, which stimulates the accumulation of defective globules and subsequent neurodegeneration. The...
Among all of the human transglutaminases (TGases), transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is the most present one, existing in all of the tissues and organs of the human body. The protein has several conformations and functions, including protein crosslinking, apoptosis, immune response and calcium signaling. Moreover, TG2 also has the least variability in its coding sequence among the family of proteins,...
Huntington's disease (HD) develops as a result of a polyglutamine mutation (encoded by the CAG triplet) in the huntingtin protein gene (HTT). The juvenile form of the disease evolves with more than 50 number of CAG repeats in htt. HD belongs to the group of neurodegenerative, as it leads to the death of the striatum neurons, and later in the cerebral cortex. HTT has been shown to be involved...
Ferritin, a globular protein complex essential for iron assimilation and storage within its apoferritin shell, possesses unique biochemical properties and a distinctive topology that make it suitable for diverse applications. This study explores the potential of ferritin as a dietary supplement for iron deficiency and anemia prevention.
We conducted cell cultivation experiments to investigate...
Functional studies of archaeal cysteine-less LOV domain
Ilia I. Natarov 1, Oleg Y. Semenov 1, Alina A. Remeeva 1, Ivan Y. Gushchin 1
1 Research Center for Molecular Mechanism of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, MIPT, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia
LOV (Light Oxygen Voltage) domains are sensor modules of photosensitive proteins widespread in...
Histidine kinases (HKs) constitute a large family of proteins that play a central role in signal transduction, enabling cells to sense and respond to a wide range of both intercellular and intracellular signals [1]. Although their structural features and distribution are well-studied in prokaryotes, the understanding of histidine kinases in eukaryotes remains incomplete, despite several...
Structural rearrangements of chromosomes โ chromosome aberrations (CA) โ are the most sensitive marker of radiation exposure. The analysis of radiation induced CA in metaphase cells of peripheral blood lymphocytes is the only valuable method of human biodosimetry. It allows to estimate the dose to which an individual has been exposed occupationally, accidentally or therapeutically. The...
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), defined as the simultaneous damage of the two DNA strands, are considered one of the most complicated types of DNA lesions to repair due to several closely related complications โ DNA DSB repair systems restrictions and non-cycling cells. There are two basic cellular mechanisms responsible for DNA DSBs recovery: non-homologues end joining (NHEJ) and homologues...
The radiobiology of TGF-beta 1 is a insufficiently known but promising area of โโresearch exploring the role of explores the role of transforming growth factor, a key cellular cytokine, in anticancer therapy. This report will focus on the mechanisms by which TGF-beta 1 regulates cellular processes (such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis) and how it shapes the tumor...
The technology has been improved to clarify a tumor's location and size by utilizing X-ray contrast media in medical CT imaging techniques. In particular, X-ray contrast images of a phantom containing mixtures of contrast agents such as iodine and gadolinium have absorbed the X-rays high and are indicated to produce well-tolerated. Notably, it mentioned that iodinated contrast media is mostly...
The application of copper and silver nanoparticles in the agricultural sector, industry, medicine and commercial products leads to their intentional and unintentional release into the environment. Spearmint (Metha Spicata L.) an important herbal remedy was exposed to root and foliar treatment with silver and copper nanoparticles (PVP-coated) in the concentration range of 1-100 mg/L during 28...
A total of 32 chemical elements in mosses, 33 elements in leaves and 38 elements in soils collected on territory seven Moscow parks (Losiny Ostrov, Victory Park, Ostankino, Sokolniki, Izmailovo, Kuzminki-Lublino and Tsaritsyno) were determined by neutron activation analysis and atomic absorption spectrometry. The high concentrations of some elements in samples indicate significant...
Actin is one of the most abundant proteins in a living cell. Actin structures are found in all cells of a living organism and are involved in maintaining and changing the cell shape, exocytosis and endocytosis, cell adhesion to substratum and cell movement, and signal transduction. In mammals, ฮฒ- and ฮณ-actin are cytoplasmic actin isoforms in non-muscle cells. Despite minor differences in the...
Beams of protons and C-12 nuclei are very effective in treating deep-seated solid tumours, but collateral damage to surrounding healthy tissues is still unavoidable. It has been proposed [1], to reduce this damage by splitting a homogeneous radiation field into arrays of sub-millimetre-wide beams called minibeams. Such minibeams become wider with depth of penetration due to multiple Coulomb...
Yeast cells modulate the expression of multidrug resistance (MDR) transporters in response to environmental changes. In our study, we investigate the potential role and localization of MDR transporters in spores, which represent the resting phase of the yeast life cycle. It remains unclear whether spores contain MDR transporters from the ABC or MFS superfamilies. ABC transporters from the PDR...
Some radiation-induced disorders characterized by memory and learning impairments are associated with a decrease in the number of neural stem cells (NSCs) in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus after irradiation with 56Fe particles [1, 2]. There are several types of neural stem cells, which differ in their morphology and activation rate of division [3, 4]. At the same time,...
