Currently, the proton therapy (PT) method, which uses a thin scanning beam, is one of the most ef-fective and modern methods for creating a conformal (shape-matching with the tumor) distribution of the absorbed dose in the tumor. A highly conformal dose distribution is achieved by optimizing thou-sands of thin proton beams. In order to prevent the occurrence of clinically significant errors,...
The flash effect, which consists in better sparing of normal cells at mean dose rates แธm > 100 Gy/s, has been experimentally established quite confidently. However, its practical application requires further study of the regularities and biological nature of this effect. To this end, we studied the change in various manifestations of the flash effect with an extreme increase in the mean proton...
Radiation therapy is widely used in the treatment of various types of cancer today. However, a number of factors are not taken into account at the planning stage of radiation treatment. This may be the reason for the additional dose load on the patient.
When medical electron accelerators operate at energies above 8 MeV, fluxes of secondary neutrons can be generated. The contribution to the...
The report is devoted to the general review of technologies and prospects of development of modern X-ray diagnostic devices. In the course of progressive qualitative movement of scientific and technological progress there is a development of technologies and improvement of medical equipment, which certainly has a positive impact on the development of world medicine in general and domestic...
Radiation therapy is fundamental method for treating cancer, however depositing precise dose to the target and preventing damage of vitally important healthy tissue surrounded by cancer cells remains challenging. Potential solution for this might be to inject high-Z containing elements into a tumor just before radiation therapy. In our research, we quantitatively evaluated the potential of...
Some sources contain information [1,2] that natural gas may contain radon, but there are no detailed studies of the emission of radon from network natural gas, and this problem of radon emanation from natural gas is of important practical importance in connection with the implementation of the gasification program for populated areas points of Yakutia [3]. Radon is one of the main causes of...
Silicon pixels detectors may be used in proton computed tomography for tumor treatment planning in hadron therapy. In the context of this task it seems important to obtain the characteristics of the proton beam used for diagnostics and for therapy with high precision. It is also important to study the properties and influence on the beam of various materials that make up tomography detector...
The most powerful means of achieving high conformality dose distributions is currently proton therapy. It allows a significant reduction in radiation exposure to normal tissues compared to traditional photon beam radiotherapy methods. This can be achieved even when the target is close to critical body structures. The energy of the beams used in proton therapy is in the range of 50โ300 MeV....
Conducting thorough research on the inelastic scattering of 14.1 MeV neutrons on atomic nuclei using the tagged neutron technique is the main objective of the TANGRA project at the Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics (FLNP) of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) in Dubna, Russia [1,2,3]. We tested the respective photo-peak efficiency of the HPGe and LaBr3(Ce) gamma-ray detectors in...
On the flight bases of the 4th (11 meters) channels of the IREN facility, neutron flux density measurements were performed in the neutron energy range from 0.4 eV to 1500 eV. The neutron fluxes (thermal and resonance) were determined using gold foils. The parameters of the resolution function have also been determined and their values, obtained from experimental measurements for several...
Since beginning of the XXI century the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) gives big attention to the nuclear knowledge management (NKM), based on research and development as well as industrial applications of nuclear technologies. NKM by the IAEA involves the nuclear science in the educational process through creation and development of different educational networks and portals....
Today more than 70 countries of the world have industrial centres of radiation sterilization of food products and medical devices [1]. Compared to classical approaches, radiation sterilisation has a number of advantages: ionising radiations suppress microorganisms more effectively, the temperature of products does not change during processing, and they can be processed immediately in the...
In the 70s of the XX century, 12 underground nuclear explosions (UNE) were carried out in the Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (ASSR, now the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) โ RS(Ya)). Two UNE became emergency โ โKraton-3โ with a capacity of 22 kt produced on August 24, 1978, and โCrystalโ with a capacity of 1.7 kt produced on October 2, 1974. The explosion of โKraton-3โ was produced 40...
Chulikova N.S.1, Malyuga A.A.1, Bliznyuk U.A.2,3, Borschegovskaya P.Yu. 2,3, Ipatova V.S.2, Zubritskaya Ya.V.2, Chibisova M.S.2 , Chernyaev A.P.2,3, Yurov D.S.2, Rodin I.A.4
1Siberian Federal Scientific Centre of Agro-BioTechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoobsk, Russia
2 Lomonosov Moscow State University, Physics Department, Moscow, Russia
3Skobeltsyn Institute of...
A set of studies was carried out to establish patterns of changes in the surface characteristics of bone materials as a result of combined sterilizing effects. The results confirmed the possibility of using a combined technique of radiation sterilization of biological tissues for processing tissue samples of fossil biological objects such as mammoths and other ancient animals. Consecutive...
ะัะธะผะตะฝะตะฝะธะต ะฟััะบะพะฒ ััะถะตะปัั ะธะพะฝะพะฒ ะดะปั ัะฐะดะธะพัะตัะฐะฟะธะธ ัะฒะปัะตััั ะพะดะฝะธะผ ะธะท ะฟะตััะฟะตะบัะธะฒะฝัั ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะน ะฟัะธ ะปะตัะตะฝะธะธ ะพะฝะบะพะปะพะณะธะธ. ะััะพะบ ััะถะตะปัั ะธะพะฝะพะฒ ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปัะตั ะฟะพะปััะธัั ั ะพัะพััั ะปะพะบะฐะปะธะทะฐัะธั ะดะพะทั [1]. ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ, ัััะตััะฒััั ะธ ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั, ะพะดะฝะฐ ะธะท ะบะพัะพััั ะฝะตะพะฟัะตะดะตะปะตะฝะฝะพััั ัะพัะผะพะทะฝะพะน ัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝะพััะธ, ะฒ ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะฒ ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะฝะธะทะบะธั ัะบะพัะพััะตะน ะธะพะฝะพะฒ. ะกะพะณะปะฐัะฝะพ ะฑะฐะทะต ะดะฐะฝะฝัั ะะะะะขะญ [2], ัััะตััะฒััั ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ัะฐัั ะพะถะดะตะฝะธั ะฒ...
Sterilization is an essential process to ensure the integrity and safety of bone materials, regardless of whether they are used in medical procedures, in solving forensic tasks, or in conducting research on fossil fragments. However, the use of "monomethods", such as chemical treatment and even radiation, is not always effective, unlike the use of two-stage combined radiation sterilization...
The use of electron accelerators has become widespread throughout the world, becoming an integral part of scientific and technological development. Currently, accelerator-based installations are used not only in science, but also in medicine, industry, and agriculture. An important parameter for the efficiency of using accelerated electrons is the uniformity of the distribution of the absorbed...
Radiation technologies are actively used to extend the shelf life of food products and ensure their microbiological safety [1]. However, radiation exposure can cause a variety of physicochemical and organoleptic changes in animal-derived products. This is caused by the intense oxidation of biomacromolecules, such as proteins and lipids, which can change the texture, color, and smell of meat...
To meet the demands of irradiation centers and extend the range of biological objects which can be irradiated for different purposes, our research team has conducted a series of experimental studies to estimate the influence of irradiation parameters as well as physical and chemical properties of bio-objects on the irradiation efficiency. The study focuses on determining the criteria for...
ะขะตะทะธั ะฒ ะทะฐะบัะตะฟะต. ะะฝััะธััััะบะพะต ัะพะณะปะฐัะตะฝะธะต ะฟะพะปััั ะฝะฐ ัะปะตะดัััะตะน ะฝะตะดะตะปะต.
Modern neutrino physics detectors often employ thousands, and sometimes even hundreds of thousands, of Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs). The TAO experiment is a notable example that utilizes a spherical scintillator barrel with a diameter of 1.8 meters, housing approximately 130,000 SiPMs organized into 4,100 tiles. Each tile with size of 5 ร 5 cm^2 consists of a 32-SiPM array functioning as a...
The results of numerical modeling of leakage spectra, diffusion time and absorption spectra during propagation of neutron fluxes in solid bodies are presented. The spherically symmetric task of neutron flux diffusion from a central source to the outer surface of spheres, made of various materials, is reviewed. The simulation was carried out using the Monte Carlo method with ABBN-78 neutron...
Monte Carlo methods have revolutionized the field of radiation dosimetry by providing a robust framework for simulating the intricate interactions between ionizing radiation and matter. These methods, rooted in probabilistic sampling techniques, offer unparalleled accuracy and flexibility in modeling radiation transport, energy deposition, and dose distribution in diverse applications ranging...
