Abstract
High-energy gamma rays emitted from the nuclear reactor's core induce displacement damage in the reactor pressure vessel (RPV). This damage can lead to changes in the mechanical and physical properties of the vessel which potentially causes defects formation. The significance of weakening and brittleness of the RPV as a result of gamma-induced damage should not be neglected. However,...
In the sequential microscopic theory of the nucleus, using the formalism of Green's functions (GF), it is necessary to consider the full amplitude of the interaction (scattering amplitude) $\Gamma$ [1,2], which contains the regular part of $\Gamma^r$. First of all, this is due to the inclusion of two-phonon configurations in addition to the 1p1h+phonon configurations [2], i.e. we are talking...
In the study of heavy ion collisions, pp collision modeling plays an important role. We have carried out modeling of 7 TeV pp collisions using the EPOS4 [1] and UrQMD [2] event generators (LHC).
We found that both baryon and lepton charges B and L, as well as energy, are conserved when simulating scattering events using UrQMD. However, there is a small non-conservation of the electric...
Previously, the authors discovered the logical incompleteness of J. Chadwick's conclusion that the neutron is as elementary as the proton and is a partner of the proton in the formation of the nucleus, made by him in conditions of limited knowledge about particles in 1934. In connection with the identified discrepancy, the authors re-identified the components of the nucleus, during which,...
Doses from CT examinations to reference 10- and 15-year-old patients were calculated using Monte-Carlo simulation in voxel phantoms. The exposure of patients of all age groups was simulated by consecutive calculation of exposures with 1 cm collimation each. The resulting table contained 139×H values of doses. 139 corresponds to the organs and tissues segmented in the phantom. H is the height...
В работе изучается зависимость тонкой структуры альфа-распада четно-четных ядер актинидов.
В рамках подхода, основанного на модели двойной ядерной системы, спектроскопические факторы альфа-распада определялись диагонализацией коллективного гамильтониана по координате массовой асимметрии. Для расчета зависимости спектроскопического фактора от углового момента учитывалось относительное...
An experiment on the study of the 260Sg decay properties was conducted using the SHELS separator. The isotope was synthesized in the complete fusion reaction of 54Cr beam ions and 207Pb target nuclei.
The alpha-spectrum was investigated and its fine structure was discovered.
The neutron multiplicities of 260Sg spontaneous fission (ν = 4,66 ± 0,14) were obtained for the first time using the...
This paper presents a method for determining the number of atoms of specific isotopes present in targets used in the GNEIS time-of-flight spectrometry system when measuring the angular distribution of fragments and the fission cross section. This method is based on determining the total number of alpha particles emitted by a target using surface barrier detectors in a well-defined geometry.
Due to the fact that the influence of cluster states, both excited and ground, quite strongly influences the properties of the light nuclei under study, the study of such multicluster nuclear structures is an urgent task [1-2]. Within the framework of the diffraction theory and under the assumption of complete absorption within the interaction sphere, in this work the results obtained earlier...
Hot and dense nuclear matter produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions has been extensively studied in the past decades. The space-time properties of such nuclear matter can be comprehensively described by Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). At LHC energies, QCD predicts a phase transition to Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). Hence, the number of experimental observables have been established to study...
We are generating the production of particles in Xe–Xe, Pb–Pb and O-O collisions using Monte Carlo HYDJET++ model which simulates collisions of heavy ions as a mixture of two independent components: the soft hydrodynamic part and the hard part with multipart processes. A comparison of the model results for elliptical and triangular azimuthal flows of charged particle at the LHC energies with...
Programs to develop a new generation of nuclear power systems with a high level of safety (Accelerator Driven System), consisting of a proton accelerator, a neutron-producing target and a subcritical reactor, have been deployed in many countries. When creating such devices, for correct modeling of the neutron flux, data on the spectral composition and angular distributions of secondary protons...
Modern nuclear physics relies on studies of nuclei with proton or neutron excess. The corresponding area of research in hypernuclear physics is also of particular interest. Weakly bound hypernuclei near the nucleon drip lines may allow to test hypernuclear interactions at low nuclear densities, such as those manifesting in halo systems.
Furthermore, the role of 3-body ΛNN force or...
In muonic atoms of 238U, the nuclei can undergo prompt fission through non-radiative transitions [1] of the muon: 2p – 1s, 3p – 1s, 3d – 1s etc. Main features of the fission dynamics are studied in prompt fission: augmentation of the barrier, dynamics of the saddle-to-scission descent, muonic conversion and characteristic X-rays from fission fragments supply information on the multipolarity of...
The High Granular Neutron Time-of-Flight Detector (HGND) prototype was used for the first time in Xe+CsI@3.8 AGeV run at the BM@N experiment. The multilayer longitudinal structure (absorber/scintillator), high granularity and good time resolution of the HGND prototype makes it possible to identify and measure the energies of neutrons produced in nucleus-nucleus collisions by time-of-flight. A...
The fission of heavy nuclei plays an important role as the most striking example of large-amplitude collective motion in a quantum many-body system. Reconstructing the detailed sequence of events leading to rupture remains a challenge for both experimentalists and theorists [1, 2, 3].
In this paper, we consider the problem of theoretical description of the fission fragment formation within...
Currently, Drosophila is used as a model object in studying the influence of various environmental factors, such as high and low temperatures, the inclusion of active oxygen in metabolism, nutritional habits, and diabetes mellitus on longevity and fertility, as well as the effect of radiation on health and life expectancy. The annual dose load from natural radiation sources is mainly due to...
The UN, among its 17 Sustainable Development Goals, calls for healthy lives and the promotion of well-being for all at all ages. Radon measurements to assess the health effects of this radioactive gas support the Sustainable Development Goals and target 3.4 on noncommunicable diseases [1]. Radon is classified by WHO and IARC as a Group I carcinogen [2, 3]. The proportion of lung cancer cases...
This study utilizes Monte Carlo simulation technique to model the detection apparatus employing plastic scintillators for recording photons produced by the interaction between radon and neutrons. Furthermore, the interactions of neutrons from cosmic, with the near surface atmosphere, along with radon present in the soil are investigated. The object/purpose is to establish correlations between...
The multichannel analyzer is used to identify the source of alpha radiation. Silicon detectors and scintillators are used for registration.
The system for alpha spectroscopy should consist of silicon detectors, NaI(Ti) crystal scintillators, charge-sensitive preamplifier units, a discriminator, an amplifier, a coincidence circuit and a multichannel analyzer[1,2,3].
The goal of the work is to...
NEUTRON DETECTION EFFICIENCY
OF SCINTILLATION DETECTORS
The results of measurements of neutron detection efficiency ε(En), En ≈ 0.1 ÷ 6 MeV for detectors of MULTI setup [1, 2] are presented. The measurements of ε(En) for scintillation detectors (CeBr3, NaI(Tl), CsI(Tl), stilbene) were carried out by tagged neutron method using
239Pu/9Be and 238Pu/13С n-γ sources and Trigger-detector (see 2...
A.T. D'yachenko $^{1,2}$
$^1$ Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, St. Petersburg, Russia,;
$^2$ B.P. Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Gatchina, Russia
The search for new particles beyond the Standard Model at accelerators is undoubtedly one of the main tasks of modern nuclear physics. On the other...
The fitting of all available experimental data of deuteron elastic scattering on 12C nucleus (differential cross sections at deuteron energies from 0.45 to 270 MeV and total 12C+d reaction cross sections from 0.43 to 171 MeV) with the use of the resonant optical-model code OptModel [1,2] was performed. Violation of scattering matrix unitarity (optical-model + resonance) at several energies did...
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\section*{Optimization of the multilayer detector SND (Scattering Neutrino Detector) for neutrino physics and physics beyond the Standard Model}
\textbf{Anokhina A.M.}$^{1,2}$, \textbf{Gulyaeva V.V.}$^{1,2}$, \textbf{Ursov E.D.}$^1$ \
$^1$National University of Science and Technology...
The ALICE experiment at the LHC is designed to explore the properties of the quark-gluon plasma – hot and dense medium produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The photon spectrometer (PHOS) of the ALICE experiment is a high-granularity PbWO4 crystal calorimeter which is intended to measure neutral meson spectra and direct photons in different colliding systems.
In this talk we...
The nature is quite a mystery until and unless we recognize it. Around 95% of the universe is unrealized, which contains dark matter and dark energy. But the illusive nature of photons is a possible new hope to resolve the mystery of the dark sector. While photon interacts with matter (nuclei to bulky objects) create mass illusions and hide their energy. For this reason, photons do not carry...
An experiment on the study of the 244Fm spontaneous fission was conducted using the SHELS separator.
The isotope was synthesized in the complete fusion reaction of 40Ar beam ions and 206Pb target nuclei.
The neutron yields of 244Fm spontaneous fission (ν = 3,62 ± 0,12, σν2 = 1,79) were obtained with the best precision using the SFiNx detector system.
The multiplicity distribution of...
The peculiarities of nucleus-nucleus interactions can be seen in the study of the mechanism of these interactions depending on the degree of centrality of the events under consideration. The interaction of high-energy nuclei with the target nucleus allows for multinucleon collisions [1]. In this paper, to determine the degree of centrality of the collisions, we take the "net" charge Q: for pC...
Using the virtual approach [1,2] to describe the ternary fission as a two-stage process in which, after the light particle emission, the virtual state of the intermediate nucleus is formed, the main characteristics of the third light particle are investigated. Calculations carried out in early works within the framework of this approach [3] demonstrated good agreement with experimental data on...
As part of the creation of a new accelerator complex NICA, a Multi-Purpose Detector (MPD) is being developed, the central part of which is a Time Projection Chamber (TPC).
The TPC being a large but conceptually simple detector must be constructed with very high precision to reduce nonlinear systematic effects. Together with the time of flight and inner tracker detectors, the TPC detector...
The study of nuclear reactions on scandium is of some interest for fundamental nuclear physics, since the number of protons in this nucleus is one more than the magic number "20". In addition, natural scandium is a monoisotope. Therefore, when it is irradiated with accelerated protons, it is easy to identify the channels of different reactions.
We have irradiated scandium targets with...
The light nuclei 12C and 6Li used as target and projectile nuclei in the many experimental studies of the nuclear reactions, including Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reaction (JINR). The study of the structure of these nuclei is necessary for theoretical description of such reactions. Wave functions of the ground state of the 12C and 6Li nuclei in the alpha-cluster model are calculated using...
Experimental and calculated the $F_2(\theta_t)$ and $F_4(\theta_t)$ alignment angular dependences of the ${}^{20}Ne$ nucleus in the excited state $2^+$ (1.63 MeV), formed in the reactions ${}^{19}F(\alpha, t)^{20}Ne$ at energies $E_\alpha = 30.3$ MeV are presented. The orientation parameters$F_k$ ($k =1,\dots,2J$) are polynomials in the mean values of the powers $\langle J_z\rangle$ and are...
A.T. D'yachenko $^{1,2}$
$^1$ Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University St. Petersburg, Russia;
$^2$ B.P. Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Gatchina, Russia
The equations of quantum relativistic hydrodynamics can be obtained from the Klein-Gordon equation [1]. Taking into account dissipation and...
The measurement of the total cross-section of the 6Li(n,t)4He reaction was carried out over the energy range of 4.25-7.50 MeV by a time-of-flight method relative to the cross-section of the 235U fission. The Cs2LiYCl6:Ce based scintillation detector was used as a lithium containing target. The scintillation detector was placed in an axially symmetrical geometry relative to a monitor fission...
Nuclear fission is a pronounced example of collective motion having multidimensional and nonlinear dynamics. A direct determination of dynamical coordinates has not been done due to the complexity of such a problem, which leads to the impossibility of describing a strict sequence of nucleus shapes during fission. The description of the dynamics of nuclear fission is a pending issue that...
It is one thing to discover the atomic nucleus but it is quite another matter to explain why this entity exists at all in Nature. The way from the Rutherford fundamental discovery to our days clearly shows that the essence of the so called nuclear forces can not be understood without such explanation.
Only own Laws of Nature that is Laws of Natural Physics, independent from the observers...
In the present work, we present new experimental data on the different characteristics of Δ0-isobars formed in central p12C- and d12C- collisions at 4.2 A GeV/c.
Since the average number of protons in both collisions was found to be close to 1 (see Table), those p12C- and d12C- collisions in which the number of participating protons is ≥3 were considered to be central collisions....
Эксперимент iDREAM направлен на изучение свойств нейтрино от промышленного реактора. Детектор расположен в 20 метрах от активной зоны реактора третьего энергоблока Калининской АЭС в потоке электронных антинейтрино, которые регистрируются на основе процесса обратного бетта-распада. На конференции будет представлен текущий статус эксперимента iDREAM, основные результаты модернизации детектора и...
Введение. Лучевая терапия быстрыми нейтронами считается эффективным методом лечения радиорезистентных форм рака, рецидивов опухолей после фотонного лечения, метастазов и других видов рака. Такие преимущества терапии быстрыми нейтронами перед стандартным облучением как более высокое значение линейной передачи энергии; меньшая зависимость от кислородного эффекта; снижение влияния...
Определение энергии α-распада на основе массовых соотношений
В.С Ульянова1), Д.Ф. Байрамов1), М.Е. Степанов1), К.А. Стопани2), Т.Ю. Третьякова1,2)
1) Физичекий факультет, Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова,
2) Научно-исследовательский институт ядерной физики имени Д.В. Скобельцына, Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова
С момента открытия...
Теоретическое и экспериментальное исследование нейтронно-избыточных ядер является одним из самых интересных и богатых источников новых сведений о структуре атомного ядра. Сложность изучаемого объекта определяет многообразие и неожиданность его свойств и предъявляет повышенные требования к теории, призванной описывать эти экзотические свойства [1]. Одним из наиболее успешных методов изучения...
